Philosophies of Education

These are just some of the few philosophies of education. At least before the exam this weekend, some readers can read this as a sort of wrap up. Remember that "isms" are always present in the exam.

Behaviorism
a. Modification and shaping of behavior by providing conducive physical and external environment.
b. Teachers teach learners to respond favorably to various stimuli. Routines, drills, etc.
c. Teachers are concerned with the external factors of learning. Classroom arrangement, ventilation, etc. Reinforcements are also used like rewards, incentives and sometimes punishments.

Essentialism
a. Teachers teach basic knowledge, skills and values in order to pass them down to the learners for them to become good citizens
b. Subject centered, wherein learners must learn the "essentials": reading, 'riting and 'rithmetic(3Rs, but some includes the 4th which is right conduct) that can prepare them for life.
c. Teachers emphasize mastery of the subject matter. They are seen as all knowing, thus traditional method of teaching is prescribed.

Perennialism
a. Aim is to develop the rational mind
b. Emphasis is on the general education(So for the EEd, if asked what is the philosophy behind the major Content Courses, now you know the answer)
c. Teacher-centered, Socratic method, teachers decide what are the best techniques and methods to be used.

Progressivism
a. Nothing is permanent except change
b. Curriculum respond to the needs relevant to the learners' lives and experiences for them to cope up with change. Teachers present subject matter like technological advancements, social developments, etc.
c. Teachers employ experiential learning methods or hands on activities.

Existentialism
a. Existence over essence. Learners define their essence by giving them various options to choose or decide. Holistic, doesn't only focus on the mind.
b. Subject matter that will give learners chances to choose, to showcase their creativity and to express themselves, is given emphasis.
c. Learner centered. Learning is self-paced, self directed. Teachers must be respectful on the learners choices and preferences.